With three projects developed by Industrial Design researchers José Luís Ferreira, Jeremy Aston, Rui Pedro Freire and Rafael Coelho, esad—idea implemented solutions to optimize passenger services and improve the ergonomics and safety of the driver's cabin. It also presented a series of design parameters to consider when purchasing new-generation vehicles.

Passenger transport was optimized by creating support systems that improve space occupation while increasing the number of supports and providing greater accessibility, safety, and privacy for passengers. This intervention resulted in the loss of eight seats per composition while allowing the average occupancy level to increase by around 20 passengers. Metro do Porto will carry out a user satisfaction survey, and will possibly extend it to the entire fleet.

In cooperation with the drivers, esad—idea’s Industrial Design researchers also developed an armrest system to increase the ergonomics of the driver's cabins, as well as a visor to prevent unwanted reflections. The collaboration between esad—idea and Metro do Porto also included drawing up a reference guide of qualitative and quantitative design parameters to be considered by Metro do Porto when purchasing new-generation vehicles.

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